TL;DR; instead of

• padding-left: use padding-inline-start
• padding-right: use padding-inline-end
• padding-top and -bottom: use padding-block
• width: use inline-size
• height: block-size
• overflow-x or -y: use overflow-inline or overflow-block
• position: top: use inset-block-start

Here is the pattern:

• inline for the reading axis. For us, it is left to right.
• block for the other (thickness) axis. For us, it is top to bottom.