It isn’t often that new image formats land in browsers. In the early 2000s we had JPEG, GIF, and PNG. The 2010s gave us WebP, which was a modest step up from JPEG. But the 2020s have given us two new image formats that are a big step up from previous formats: AVIF and JPEG XL.

What are the advantage of JPEG XL:

• progressive rendering (the whole image can render step by step)
• excels at lossless imagery and compression improvements

AVIF excels at web-quality photographic images and images with a mix of sharp edges and flat surfaces.

Le format JPEG utilise donc 3 compressions :

• Chrominance Subsampling
• Discrete Cosine Transform & Quantization
• Run-Length, Delta & Huffman Encoding

C'est tellement bien pensé :)
Je le relirais plus tard afin de bien tout comprendre.

Pour la culture :

The smallest I could think of was four bytes: three to specify the color and one to specify how many pixels have this color. The idea of expressing all repeated values concisely this way is called run-length encoding.
Delta-encoding is the technique of storing each byte as a relative value compared to something before it instead of storing its absolute value.